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有些人可能觉得学习编程很枯燥，今天我们就来干一点有趣的事吧！用python统计三国演义人物的出场次数，看看谁的戏份多？

1 import jieba
2 excludes = {"将军", "却说", "荆州", "二人", "不可", "不能", "如此", "商议", "如何", "主公",
 "军士", "左右", "军马", "引兵", "次日", "大喜", "天下", "东吴", "于是", "今日",
 "不敢", "魏兵","人马", "陛下", "一人", "不知", "汉中", "只见", "众将"} #排除
3 txt = open("三国演义.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8").read()
4 words = jieba.lcut(txt)
5 counts = {}
6 for word in words:
7 if len(word) == 1:
8 continue
9 elif word == "诸葛亮" or word == "孔明曰":
10 rword = "孔明"
11 elif word == "关公" or word == "云长":
12 rword = "关羽"
13 elif word == "玄德" or word == "玄德曰":
14 rword = "刘备"
15 elif word == "孟德" or word == "丞相":
16 rword = "曹操"
17 elif word == "公瑾" or word == "周都督":
18 rword = "周瑜"
19 else:
20 rword = word
21 counts[rword] = counts.get(rword, 0) + 1
22 #如果word在counts中，返回word对应的值，否则返回0
23 for word in excludes:
24 del(counts[word])
25 items = list(counts.items())
26 items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
27 fo = open("三国人物出场次数.txt", "a")
28 for i in range(10):
29 word, count=items[i]
30 word = str(word)
31 count = str(count)
32 fo.write(word)
33 fo.write(' ')
34 fo.write(count)
35 fo.write('\n')
36 print (word, count)
37 fo.close()

这里面就是词频分析后的文档。

运行后，程序会自动生成 ”三国人物出场次数.txt“ 的文件，这里面就是词频分析后的文档。

把文档导入Excel中（用Excel打开txt文件，选择用","进行分割，这样就能把词语和词频分到2列），然后手动剔除掉无用的助词（在Excel中操作很容易，而且快速）。在接着把同类词归类，比如”孔明“、”诸葛亮“指的都是同一个人，”操“，”曹操“，”丞相“也都一样。

后，可以把你想要的数据提取出来，用Excel作图。