技术干货 | 如何查看MySQL数据库一段时间内的连接情况？两种方式来解锁~

2022-02-10 14:42:24

后台有DBA小伙伴问到一个问题：如何查看MySQL数据库一段时间内的连接情况呢？

据小编了解，查看方式已知至少有两种方式可以实现，让我们一起往下解锁吧~

方式一

开启 general_log就能观察到

• 开启命令

mysql> set global general_log=ON;

• 执行一些操作

[root@mgr2 ~]# mysql -uGreatSQL -pGreatSQL -h192.168.6.217 -P3306mysql> use test;mysql> show tables;+----------------+| Tables_in_test |+----------------+| book           || student        || t1             |+----------------+3 rows in set (.01 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;+------+--------+| id   | name   |+------+--------+|    1 | 哈哈   ||    2 | 你好   ||    3 | 呵呵   |+------+--------+5 rows in set (.00 sec)
mysql> delete from test.t1 where id=4;Query OK, 1 row affected (.02 sec)

• 查看general_log日志信息，已经完整记录到了。

2022-01-20T21:46:17.073491-05:00           32 Connect   GreatSQL@192.168.6.216 on  using TCP/IP2022-01-20T21:46:17.074048-05:00           32 Query     select @@version_comment limit 12022-01-20T21:46:20.217080-05:00           32 Query     SELECT DATABASE()2022-01-20T21:46:20.217657-05:00           32 Init DB   test2022-01-20T21:46:20.218960-05:00           32 Query     show databases2022-01-20T21:46:20.220347-05:00           32 Query     show tables2022-01-20T21:46:20.222050-05:00           32 Field List        book2022-01-20T21:46:20.222644-05:00           32 Field List        student2022-01-20T21:46:20.223106-05:00           32 Field List        t12022-01-20T21:46:22.856100-05:00           32 Query     show tables2022-01-20T21:46:31.156616-05:00           32 Query     select * from t12022-01-20T21:46:43.136448-05:00           32 Query     delete from test.t1 where id=4

方式二

抓包

• 这里采用 MySQL Sniffer 进行抓包。

1.MySQL Sniffer 介绍

• MySQL Sniffer：是一个基于MySQL协议的抓包工具，实时抓取MySQL Server端的请求，并格式化输出。

• 输出内容：包括访问时间、访问用户、来源 IP、访问 Database、命令耗时、返回数据行数、执行语句等。有批量抓取多个端口，后台运行，日志分割等多种使用方式，操作便捷，输出友好。

• 开源出品：奇虎360

• github 地址：https://github.com/Qihoo360/mysql-sniffer/blob/master/README_CN.md

2.安装依赖包

yum install gcc gcc-c++ cmake libpcap-devel glib2-devel libnet-devel -y

3.安装命令

git clone https://github.com/Qihoo360/mysql-sniffer.gitcd mysql-sniffermkdir projcd projcmake ../make

编译过程中出现一些问题，参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/p/14948381.html 解决，感谢！

4.查看帮助

• 安装后工具在 bin 目录下。

[root@mgr3 bin]# ./mysql-sniffer -helpUsage ./mysql-sniffer [-d] -i eth0 -p 3306,3307,3308 -l /var/log/mysql-sniffer/ -e stderr         [-d] -i eth0 -r 3000-4000         -d daemon mode.         -s how often to split the log file(minute, eg. 1440). if less than , split log everyday         -i interface. Default to eth0         -p port, default to 3306. Multiple ports should be splited by ','. eg. 3306,3307            this option has no effect when -f is set.         -r port range, Don't use -r and -p at the same time         -l query log DIRECTORY. Make sure that the directory is accessible. Default to stdout.         -e error log FILENAME or 'stderr'. if set to /dev/null, runtime error will not be recorded         -f filename. use pcap file instead capturing the network interface         -w white list. dont capture the port. Multiple ports should be splited by ','.         -t truncation length. truncate long query if it's longer than specified length. Less than 0 means no truncation         -n keeping tcp stream count, if not set, default is 65536. if active tcp count is larger than the specified count, mysql-sniffer will remove the oldest one

5.测试

a.实时抓取某端口信息并打印到屏幕

输出格式为：时间，访问用户，来源 IP，访问 Database，命令耗时，返回数据行数，执行语句。

• 控制台监听

• 执行一些操作

mysql> use test;Database changedmysql> create table t1 (id int(11) not null auto_increment, name varchar(64), primary key(id));Query OK,  rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values (1,'小明'),(2,'小陈');Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)Records: 2  Duplicates:   Warnings: 
mysql> delete from t1 where id=1;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;+----+--------+| id | name   |+----+--------+|  2 | 小陈   |+----+--------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

• 控制台输出

2022-01-21 14:37:09      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   NULL             0ms             1      select @@version_comment limit 12022-01-21 14:37:31      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   NULL             ms             2      show databases2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   NULL             ms             1      SELECT DATABASE()2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             ms                   use test2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             ms             2      show databases2022-01-21 14:37:37      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test            11ms                   show tables2022-01-21 14:41:58      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test            60ms                   create table t1 (id int(11) not null auto_increment, name varchar(64), primary key(id))2022-01-21 14:42:40      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             ms             2      insert into t1 values (1,'小明'),(2,'小陈')2022-01-21 14:42:54      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             ms             1      delete from t1 where id=12022-01-21 14:43:04      GreatSQL        192.168.6.216   test             ms             1      select * from t1

• 目前看有正常抓取到信息

b、可以把抓包的数据存储到文件

• 文件名称就是端口号，如果文件没内容，可以改成MySQL用户权限组试一下

./mysql-sniffer -i eth1 -p 33061 -l ./

[root@mgr3 bin]# more 33061.log2022-01-21 15:00:11      NULL    192.168.6.216   test             0ms             0      use test2022-01-21 15:00:11      NULL    192.168.6.216   test             0ms             1      SELECT DATABASE()